What is mass hysteria?
Mass hysteria, also known as collective hysteria or mass psychogenic illness, refers to a phenomenon where a large group of people exhibit similar physical or psychological symptoms that have no clear medical or physiological cause. It is characterized by the rapid spread of symptoms within a group, often driven by social and psychological factors rather than a contagious disease or toxic exposure.
During a mass hysteria event, individuals within the group may experience a range of symptoms that can include fainting, dizziness, nausea, headache, muscle weakness, respiratory difficulties, rashes, or even hallucinations. These symptoms are often transient and can change or shift over time. The affected individuals genuinely believe they are experiencing these symptoms, and their belief reinforces the spread of the illness within the group.
Mass hysteria typically occurs in a closed or confined community, such as a school, workplace, religious gathering, or residential area. It often starts with one or a few individuals experiencing genuine distress or symptoms. Through social contagion, which can be facilitated by factors like close contact, shared beliefs, rumors, or heightened emotions, the symptoms spread rapidly to others in the group. The collective anxiety and attention given to the situation can intensify and prolong the outbreak.
Notable cases in history
Mass hysteria has been documented throughout history, with numerous cases reported worldwide. Famous instances include the dancing mania in medieval Europe, the Salem witch trials in the 17th century, or more recent incidents like the Tanganyika laughter epidemic in 1962. It is worth noting that mass hysteria is different from deliberate hoaxes or instances of mass psychogenic illness caused by exposure to toxins or contagious diseases.
What causes mass hysteria?
The underlying causes of mass hysteria are multifactorial and complex. Psychological factors such as stress, anxiety, fear, or a shared perception of a threat can contribute to the onset and spread of symptoms. Pre-existing beliefs, cultural or social norms, and group dynamics can also influence the occurrence of mass hysteria. It is important to note that the symptoms experienced by individuals during mass hysteria are not consciously fabricated or faked but are genuinely felt due to psychological and social influences.
What treatments are available?
Managing mass hysteria involves a multidisciplinary approach, including medical professionals, psychologists, public health officials, and community leaders. It is crucial to provide accurate information, address underlying stressors, promote calm and support within the affected community, and offer appropriate medical evaluation and treatment for individuals experiencing symptoms. Education about mass hysteria can also help prevent future outbreaks and minimize the impact on affected individuals and communities.
Our support team can help you in your everyday life to experience a greater quality of life by ensuring you’re eating healthy, nutritious meals, attending appointments, keeping yourself and home clean and hygienic, as well as accessing the community and rebuilding interpersonal skills.